Relay with a configurable mode of operation

ABSTRACT

A relay supporting multiple relay modes is provided. The relay transmits capability information to a base station, the capability information indicating support for a first relay mode and a second relay mode. The relay determines a mode of operation, either on its own or based on an indication of a mode of operation from the base station, wherein the mode of operation comprises the first relay mode or the second relay mode. The relay communicates with at least one of the base station or another wireless device based at least in part on the determined mode of operation.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser.No. 62/896,532, entitled “RELAY WITH A CONFIGURABLE MODE OF OPERATION”and filed on Sep. 5, 2019, which is expressly incorporated by referenceherein in its entirety.

BACKGROUND Technical Field

The present disclosure relates generally to communication systems, andmore particularly, to wireless communication including a relay or arepeater.

Introduction

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide varioustelecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging,and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employmultiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication withmultiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of suchmultiple-access technologies include code division multiple access(CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequencydivision multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency divisionmultiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency divisionmultiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous codedivision multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

These multiple access technologies have been adopted in varioustelecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enablesdifferent wireless devices to communicate on a municipal, national,regional, and even global level. An example telecommunication standardis 5G New Radio (NR). 5G NR is part of a continuous mobile broadbandevolution promulgated by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) tomeet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security,scalability (e.g., with Internet of Things (IoT)), and otherrequirements. 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobilebroadband (eMBB), massive machine type communications (mMTC), and ultrareliable low latency communications (URLLC). Some aspects of 5G NR maybe based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. There exists aneed for further improvements in 5G NR technology. These improvementsmay also be applicable to other multi-access technologies and thetelecommunication standards that employ these technologies.

SUMMARY

The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects inorder to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary isnot an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intendedto neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nordelineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is topresent some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as aprelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

A relay forwarding communications between a base station and a UE usingan amplify-forward scheme may introduce noise into the communication. Arelay forwarding communications between a base station and a UE using adecode-forward scheme may introduce latency and/or self-interferencenoise into the communication.

According to aspects of the present disclosure, a relay supportingmultiple relay modes is provided. The relay transmits capabilityinformation to a base station. The capability information indicatessupport for a first relay mode (e.g., an amplify-forward mode) and asecond relay mode (e.g., a decode-forward mode), and may provide otherinformation on capabilities of the relay. The relay determines a mode ofoperation, wherein the mode of operation comprises the first relay modeor the second relay mode. The relay may determine the mode of operationby selecting a mode of operation by itself, or may determine the mode ofoperation by receiving an indication of a mode of operation from thebase station. The relay communicates with at least one of the basestation or another wireless device based at least in part on thedetermined mode of operation. In an aspect of the disclosure, a method,a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided for wirelesscommunication at a base station. The apparatus receives capabilityinformation from a relay node, the capability information indicatingsupport for a first relay mode and a second relay mode. The apparatusdetermines a mode of operation for the relay node, wherein the mode ofoperation comprises the first relay mode or the second relay mode. Theapparatus communicates with the relay node based at least in part on thedetermined mode of operation.

In another aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readablemedium, and an apparatus are provided for wireless communication at arelay node. The apparatus transmits capability information to a basestation, the capability information indicating support for a first relaymode and a second relay mode. The apparatus determines a mode ofoperation, wherein the mode of operation comprises the first relay modeor the second relay mode. The apparatus communicates with at least oneof the base station or another wireless device based at least in part onthe determined mode of operation.

In other aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium,and an apparatus are provided for wireless communication at a wirelessdevice served by a relay node. The apparatus receives an indication of amode of operation for the relay node from a first relay mode to a secondrelay mode, and determines at least one parameter for communicating withthe relay node based on the mode of operation indicated for the relaynode.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or moreaspects comprise the features hereinafter fully described andparticularly pointed out in the claims. The following description andthe annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative featuresof the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, ofbut a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspectsmay be employed, and this description is intended to include all suchaspects and their equivalents.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communicationssystem and an access network.

FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D are diagrams illustrating examples of a first5G/NR frame, DL channels within a 5G/NR subframe, a second 5G/NR frame,and UL channels within a 5G/NR subframe, respectively.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station and userequipment (UE) in an access network.

FIG. 4 illustrates a Class B relay.

FIG. 5 illustrates a relay supporting operation in an amplify-forwardmode and a decode-forward mode.

FIG. 6 is a communication diagram illustrating communication between abase station, a relay, and a UE that includes selection between multiplesupported modes for the relay.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication at a basestation.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual data flow diagram illustrating the data flowbetween different means/components in an example apparatus.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementationfor an apparatus employing a processing system.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication at a relay.

FIG. 11 is a conceptual data flow diagram illustrating the data flowbetween different means/components in an example apparatus.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardwareimplementation for an apparatus employing a processing system.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication at a UE.

FIG. 14 is a conceptual data flow diagram illustrating the data flowbetween different means/components in an example apparatus.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardwareimplementation for an apparatus employing a processing system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appendeddrawings is intended as a description of various configurations and isnot intended to represent the only configurations in which the conceptsdescribed herein may be practiced. The detailed description includesspecific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understandingof various concepts. However, it will be apparent to those skilled inthe art that these concepts may be practiced without these specificdetails. In some instances, well known structures and components areshown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring such concepts.

Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented withreference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methodswill be described in the following detailed description and illustratedin the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits,processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as “elements”).These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, computersoftware, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements areimplemented as hardware or software depends upon the particularapplication and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

By way of example, an element, or any portion of an element, or anycombination of elements may be implemented as a “processing system” thatincludes one or more processors. Examples of processors includemicroprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs),central processing units (CPUs), application processors, digital signalprocessors (DSPs), reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors,systems on a chip (SoC), baseband processors, field programmable gatearrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gatedlogic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardwareconfigured to perform the various functionality described throughoutthis disclosure. One or more processors in the processing system mayexecute software. Software shall be construed broadly to meaninstructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code,programs, subprograms, software components, applications, softwareapplications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects,executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whetherreferred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardwaredescription language, or otherwise.

Accordingly, in one or more example embodiments, the functions describedmay be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. Ifimplemented in software, the functions may be stored on or encoded asone or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium.Computer-readable media includes computer storage media. Storage mediamay be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way ofexample, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise arandom-access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electricallyerasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), optical disk storage, magnetic diskstorage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of theaforementioned types of computer-readable media, or any other mediumthat can be used to store computer executable code in the form ofinstructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communicationssystem and an access network 100. The wireless communications system(also referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN)) includes basestations 102, UEs 104, an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 160, and anothercore network 190 (e.g., a 5G Core (5GC)). The base stations 102 mayinclude macrocells (high power cellular base station) and/or small cells(low power cellular base station). The macrocells include base stations.The small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells.

The base stations 102 configured for 4G LTE (collectively referred to asEvolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) TerrestrialRadio Access Network (E-UTRAN)) may interface with the EPC 160 throughfirst backhaul links 132 (e.g., S1 interface). The base stations 102configured for 5G NR (collectively referred to as Next Generation RAN(NG-RAN)) may interface with core network 190 through second backhaullinks 184. In addition to other functions, the base stations 102 mayperform one or more of the following functions: transfer of user data,radio channel ciphering and deciphering, integrity protection, headercompression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dualconnectivity), inter-cell interference coordination, connection setupand release, load balancing, distribution for non-access stratum (NAS)messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, radio access network(RAN) sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS), subscriberand equipment trace, RAN information management (RIM), paging,positioning, and delivery of warning messages. The base stations 102 maycommunicate directly or indirectly (e.g., through the EPC 160 or corenetwork 190) with each other over third backhaul links 134 (e.g., X2interface). The third backhaul links 134 may be wired or wireless.

The base stations 102 may wirelessly communicate with the UEs 104. Eachof the base stations 102 may provide communication coverage for arespective geographic coverage area 110. There may be overlappinggeographic coverage areas 110. For example, the small cell 102′ may havea coverage area 110′ that overlaps the coverage area 110 of one or moremacro base stations 102. A network that includes both small cell andmacrocells may be known as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneousnetwork may also include Home Evolved Node Bs (eNBs) (HeNBs), which mayprovide service to a restricted group known as a closed subscriber group(CSG). The communication links 120 between the base stations 102 and theUEs 104 may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link)transmissions from a UE 104 to a base station 102 and/or downlink (DL)(also referred to as forward link) transmissions from a base station 102to a UE 104. The communication links 120 may use multiple-input andmultiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatialmultiplexing, beamforming, and/or transmit diversity. The communicationlinks may be through one or more carriers. The base stations 102/UEs 104may use spectrum up to Y MHz (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400, etc. MHz)bandwidth per carrier allocated in a carrier aggregation of up to atotal of Yx MHz (x component carriers) used for transmission in eachdirection. The carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other.Allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL(e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL than for UL). Thecomponent carriers may include a primary component carrier and one ormore secondary component carriers. A primary component carrier may bereferred to as a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary component carriermay be referred to as a secondary cell (SCell).

Certain UEs 104 may communicate with each other using device-to-device(D2D) communication link 158. The D2D communication link 158 may use theDL/UL WWAN spectrum. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or moresidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel(PSBCH), a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), a physicalsidelink shared channel (PSSCH), and a physical sidelink control channel(PSCCH). D2D communication may be through a variety of wireless D2Dcommunications systems, such as for example, FlashLinQ, WiMedia,Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, LTE, or NR.

The wireless communications system may further include a Wi-Fi accesspoint (AP) 150 in communication with Wi-Fi stations (STAs) 152 viacommunication links 154 in a 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum. Whencommunicating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the STAs 152/AP 150may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating inorder to determine whether the channel is available.

The small cell 102′ may operate in a licensed and/or an unlicensedfrequency spectrum. When operating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum,the small cell 102′ may employ NR and use the same 5 GHz unlicensedfrequency spectrum as used by the Wi-Fi AP 150. The small cell 102′,employing NR in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, may boost coverage toand/or increase capacity of the access network.

A base station 102, whether a small cell 102′ or a large cell (e.g.,macro base station), may include and/or be referred to as an eNB, gNodeB(gNB), or another type of base station. Some base stations, such as gNB180 may operate in a traditional sub 6 GHz spectrum, in millimeter wave(mmW) frequencies, and/or near mmW frequencies in communication with theUE 104. When the gNB 180 operates in mmW or near mmW frequencies, thegNB 180 may be referred to as an mmW base station. Extremely highfrequency (EHF) is part of the RF in the electromagnetic spectrum. EHFhas a range of 30 GHz to 300 GHz and a wavelength between 1 millimeterand 10 millimeters. Radio waves in the band may be referred to as amillimeter wave. Near mmW may extend down to a frequency of 3 GHz with awavelength of 100 millimeters. The super high frequency (SHF) bandextends between 3 GHz and 30 GHz, also referred to as centimeter wave.Communications using the mmW/near mmW radio frequency band (e.g., 3GHz-300 GHz) has extremely high path loss and a short range. The mmWbase station 180 may utilize beamforming 182 with the UE 104 tocompensate for the extremely high path loss and short range. The basestation 180 and the UE 104 may each include a plurality of antennas,such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and/or antenna arrays tofacilitate the beamforming.

The base station 180 may transmit a beamformed signal to the UE 104 inone or more transmit directions 182′. The UE 104 may receive thebeamformed signal from the base station 180 in one or more receivedirections 182″. The UE 104 may also transmit a beamformed signal to thebase station 180 in one or more transmit directions. The base station180 may receive the beamformed signal from the UE 104 in one or morereceive directions. The base station 180/UE 104 may perform beamtraining to determine the best receive and transmit directions for eachof the base station 180/UE 104. The transmit and receive directions forthe base station 180 may or may not be the same. The transmit andreceive directions for the UE 104 may or may not be the same.

The EPC 160 may include a Mobility Management Entity (MME) 162, otherMMEs 164, a Serving Gateway 166, a Multimedia Broadcast MulticastService (MBMS) Gateway 168, a Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC)170, and a Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 172. The MME 162 may be incommunication with a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 174. The MME 162 isthe control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 andthe EPC 160. Generally, the MME 162 provides bearer and connectionmanagement. All user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferredthrough the Serving Gateway 166, which itself is connected to the PDNGateway 172. The PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation aswell as other functions. The PDN Gateway 172 and the BM-SC 170 areconnected to the IP Services 176. The IP Services 176 may include theInternet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), a PS StreamingService, and/or other IP services. The BM-SC 170 may provide functionsfor MBMS user service provisioning and delivery. The BM-SC 170 may serveas an entry point for content provider MBMS transmission, may be used toauthorize and initiate MBMS Bearer Services within a public land mobilenetwork (PLMN), and may be used to schedule MBMS transmissions. The MBMSGateway 168 may be used to distribute MBMS traffic to the base stations102 belonging to a Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN)area broadcasting a particular service, and may be responsible forsession management (start/stop) and for collecting eMBMS relatedcharging information.

The core network 190 may include a Access and Mobility ManagementFunction (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, a Session Management Function (SMF)194, and a User Plane Function (UPF) 195. The AMF 192 may be incommunication with a Unified Data Management (UDM) 196. The AMF 192 isthe control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 andthe core network 190. Generally, the AMF 192 provides QoS flow andsession management. All user Internet protocol (IP) packets aretransferred through the UPF 195. The UPF 195 provides UE IP addressallocation as well as other functions. The UPF 195 is connected to theIP Services 197. The IP Services 197 may include the Internet, anintranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), a PS Streaming Service,and/or other IP services.

The base station may include and/or be referred to as a gNB, Node B,eNB, an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station,a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS),an extended service set (ESS), a transmit reception point (TRP), or someother suitable terminology. The base station 102 provides an accesspoint to the EPC 160 or core network 190 for a UE 104. Examples of UEs104 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiationprotocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA), asatellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, avideo device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player), a camera, agame console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, anelectric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, ahealthcare device, an implant, a sensor/actuator, a display, or anyother similar functioning device. Some of the UEs 104 may be referred toas IoT devices (e.g., parking meter, gas pump, toaster, vehicles, heartmonitor, etc.). The UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, amobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit,a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, awireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriberstation, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, aremote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, orsome other suitable terminology.

Referring again to FIG. 1, in certain aspects, a relay 103 may receive asignal from a base station 102, 180 and may relay the signal to a UE104, and/or may receive a signal from the UE 104 and may relay thesignal to another UE. The base station 102, 180 may be configured todetermine a mode of operation for the relay 103 and communicate usingthe determined mode of operation (191). The relay 103 may be configuredto determine a mode of operation for itself and communicate using thedetermined mode of operation (198). The UE 104 may be configured todetermine a parameter for communicating with the relay 103 based on thedetermined mode of operation (199). Although the following descriptionmay be focused on a mmW relay including amplify-forward anddecode-forward modes, the concepts described herein may be applicable toother similar areas, such as low-frequency repeaters.

FIG. 2A is a diagram 200 illustrating an example of a first subframewithin a 5G/NR frame structure. FIG. 2B is a diagram 230 illustrating anexample of DL channels within a 5G/NR subframe. FIG. 2C is a diagram 250illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G/NR framestructure. FIG. 2D is a diagram 280 illustrating an example of ULchannels within a 5G/NR subframe. The 5G/NR frame structure may be FDDin which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth),subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for either DL orUL, or may be TDD in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carriersystem bandwidth), subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicatedfor both DL and UL. In the examples provided by FIGS. 2A, 2C, the 5G/NRframe structure is assumed to be TDD, with subframe 4 being configuredwith slot format 28 (with mostly DL), where D is DL, U is UL, and X isflexible for use between DL/UL, and subframe 3 being configured withslot format 34 (with mostly UL). While subframes 3, 4 are shown withslot formats 34, 28, respectively, any particular subframe may beconfigured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slotformats 0, 1 are all DL, UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61include a mix of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. UEs are configured withthe slot format (dynamically through DL control information (DCI), orsemi-statically/statically through radio resource control (RRC)signaling) through a received slot format indicator (SFI). Note that thedescription infra applies also to a 5G/NR frame structure that is TDD.

Other wireless communication technologies may have a different framestructure and/or different channels. A frame (10 ms) may be divided into10 equally sized subframes (1 ms). Each subframe may include one or moretime slots. Subframes may also include mini-slots, which may include 7,4, or 2 symbols. Each slot may include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on theslot configuration. For slot configuration 0, each slot may include 14symbols, and for slot configuration 1, each slot may include 7 symbols.The symbols on DL may be cyclic prefix (CP) OFDM (CP-OFDM) symbols. Thesymbols on UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high throughput scenarios) ordiscrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (alsoreferred to as single carrier frequency-division multiple access(SC-FDMA) symbols) (for power limited scenarios; limited to a singlestream transmission). The number of slots within a subframe is based onthe slot configuration and the numerology. For slot configuration 0,different numerologies μ0 to 5 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 slots,respectively, per subframe. For slot configuration 1, differentnumerologies 0 to 2 allow for 2, 4, and 8 slots, respectively, persubframe. Accordingly, for slot configuration 0 and numerology μ, thereare 14 symbols/slot and 2^(μ) slots/subframe. The subcarrier spacing andsymbol length/duration are a function of the numerology. The subcarrierspacing may be equal to 2^(μ)*15 kHz, where μ is the numerology 0 to 5.As such, the numerology μ=0 has a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz and thenumerology μ=5 has a subcarrier spacing of 480 kHz. The symbollength/duration is inversely related to the subcarrier spacing. FIGS.2A-2D provide an example of slot configuration 0 with 14 symbols perslot and numerology μ=0 with 1 slot per subframe. The subcarrier spacingis 15 kHz and symbol duration is approximately 66.7 μs.

A resource grid may be used to represent the frame structure. Each timeslot includes a resource block (RB) (also referred to as physical RBs(PRBs)) that extends 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid isdivided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bitscarried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

As illustrated in FIG. 2A, some of the REs carry reference (pilot)signals (RS) for the UE. The RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS)(indicated as R_(x) for one particular configuration, where 100 x is theport number, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channelstate information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation atthe UE. The RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS), beamrefinement RS (BRRS), and phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

FIG. 2B illustrates an example of various DL channels within a subframeof a frame.

The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one ormore control channel elements (CCEs), each CCE including nine RE groups(REGs), each REG including four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol. Aprimary synchronization signal (PSS) may be within symbol 2 ofparticular subframes of a frame. The PSS is used by a UE 104 todetermine subframe/symbol timing and a physical layer identity. Asecondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 ofparticular subframes of a frame. The SSS is used by a UE to determine aphysical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing. Basedon the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identitygroup number, the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI).Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the locations of theaforementioned DM-RS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH), whichcarries a master information block (MIB), may be logically grouped withthe PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS)/PBCH block. TheMIB provides a number of RBs in the system bandwidth and a system framenumber (SFN). The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries userdata, broadcast system information not transmitted through the PBCH suchas system information blocks (SIBs), and paging messages.

As illustrated in FIG. 2C, some of the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as Rfor one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations arepossible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE maytransmit DM-RS for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and DM-RSfor the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The PUSCH DM-RS may betransmitted in the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH. The PUCCHDM-RS may be transmitted in different configurations depending onwhether short or long PUCCHs are transmitted and depending on theparticular PUCCH format used. Although not shown, the UE may transmitsounding reference signals (SRS). The SRS may be used by a base stationfor channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent schedulingon the UL.

FIG. 2D illustrates an example of various UL channels within a subframeof a frame. The PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration.The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as schedulingrequests, a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrixindicator (PMI), a rank indicator (RI), and HARQ ACK/NACK feedback. ThePUSCH carries data, and may additionally be used to carry a bufferstatus report (BSR), a power headroom report (PHR), and/or UCI.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a base station 310 in communication with aUE 350 in an access network. In the DL, IP packets from the EPC 160 maybe provided to a controller/processor 375. The controller/processor 375implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes a radioresource control (RRC) layer, and layer 2 includes a service dataadaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, a packet data convergence protocol(PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a medium accesscontrol (MAC) layer. The controller/processor 375 provides RRC layerfunctionality associated with broadcasting of system information (e.g.,MIB, SIBs), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRCconnection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRCconnection release), inter radio access technology (RAT) mobility, andmeasurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layerfunctionality associated with header compression/decompression, security(ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification),and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated withthe transfer of upper layer packet data units (PDUs), error correctionthrough ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC servicedata units (SDUs), re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering ofRLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mappingbetween logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MACSDUs onto transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs,scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ,priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

The transmit (TX) processor 316 and the receive (RX) processor 370implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signalprocessing functions. Layer 1, which includes a physical (PHY) layer,may include error detection on the transport channels, forward errorcorrection (FEC) coding/decoding of the transport channels,interleaving, rate matching, mapping onto physical channels,modulation/demodulation of physical channels, and MIMO antennaprocessing. The TX processor 316 handles mapping to signalconstellations based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binaryphase-shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK),M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation(M-QAM)). The coded and modulated symbols may then be split intoparallel streams. Each stream may then be mapped to an OFDM subcarrier,multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and/orfrequency domain, and then combined together using an Inverse FastFourier Transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a timedomain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM stream is spatially precoded toproduce multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from a channelestimator 374 may be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme,as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimate may be derivedfrom a reference signal and/or channel condition feedback transmitted bythe UE 350. Each spatial stream may then be provided to a differentantenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318TX. Each transmitter 318TX maymodulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream fortransmission.

At the UE 350, each receiver 354RX receives a signal through itsrespective antenna 352. Each receiver 354RX recovers informationmodulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the receive(RX) processor 356. The TX processor 368 and the RX processor 356implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signalprocessing functions. The RX processor 356 may perform spatialprocessing on the information to recover any spatial streams destinedfor the UE 350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 350,they may be combined by the RX processor 356 into a single OFDM symbolstream. The RX processor 356 then converts the OFDM symbol stream fromthe time-domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform(FFT). The frequency domain signal comprises a separate OFDM symbolstream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on eachsubcarrier, and the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated bydetermining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted bythe base station 310. These soft decisions may be based on channelestimates computed by the channel estimator 358. The soft decisions arethen decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signalsthat were originally transmitted by the base station 310 on the physicalchannel. The data and control signals are then provided to thecontroller/processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2functionality.

The controller/processor 359 can be associated with a memory 360 thatstores program codes and data. The memory 360 may be referred to as acomputer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller/processor 359provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packetreassembly, deciphering, header decompression, and control signalprocessing to recover IP packets from the EPC 160. Thecontroller/processor 359 is also responsible for error detection usingan ACK and/or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.

Similar to the functionality described in connection with the DLtransmission by the base station 310, the controller/processor 359provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information(e.g., MIB, SIBs) acquisition, RRC connections, and measurementreporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with headercompression/decompression, and security (ciphering, deciphering,integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionalityassociated with the transfer of upper layer PDUs, error correctionthrough ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs,re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; andMAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channelsand transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs,demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting,error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channelprioritization.

Channel estimates derived by a channel estimator 358 from a referencesignal or feedback transmitted by the base station 310 may be used bythe TX processor 368 to select the appropriate coding and modulationschemes, and to facilitate spatial processing. The spatial streamsgenerated by the TX processor 368 may be provided to different antenna352 via separate transmitters 354TX. Each transmitter 354TX may modulatean RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.

The UL transmission is processed at the base station 310 in a mannersimilar to that described in connection with the receiver function atthe UE 350. Each receiver 318RX receives a signal through its respectiveantenna 320. Each receiver 318RX recovers information modulated onto anRF carrier and provides the information to a RX processor 370.

The controller/processor 375 can be associated with a memory 376 thatstores program codes and data. The memory 376 may be referred to as acomputer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller/processor 375provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packetreassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processingto recover IP packets from the UE 350. IP packets from thecontroller/processor 375 may be provided to the EPC 160. Thecontroller/processor 375 is also responsible for error detection usingan ACK and/or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.

At least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and thecontroller/processor 359 may be configured to perform aspects inconnection with 198 of FIG. 1.

At least one of the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and thecontroller/processor 375 may be configured to perform aspects inconnection with 198 of FIG. 1.

A mobile communication system may include a relay. A relay may also bereferred to as a repeater. A relay may assist in forwarding messagesbetween a base station and a UE. The base station may transmit a messagefor the UE. The relay may receive the message for the UE and mayre-transmit the message to the UE. The UE may transmit a message for thebase station, and the relay may receive the message for the base stationand re-transmit the message to the base station. Similarly, the relaymay additionally or alternatively receive a message from a UE andre-transmit the message to another UE. In some aspects, a relay mayreceive and re-transmit messages in a high-frequency spectrum (e.g., therelay may be a mmW relay).

In some aspects, a relay may receive an analog signal on a fixed beamdirection, amplify the power of the received analog signal to generate arepeat signal, and forward the repeat signal on a fixed beam direction(e.g., may operate in an amplify-forward mode). Such a relay may bereferred to herein as a Class A relay. A Class A relay may operatewithout control from the base station, as its operation may not bedynamically configurable. A Class A relay may operate in full duplexmode (e.g., may simultaneously receive the received signal and transmitthe repeat signal) as the relay does not perform additional processingof the received signal to generate the repeat signal.

In some aspects, a relay may receive an analog signal, amplify the powerof the received analog signal to generate a repeat signal, and forwardthe repeat signal (e.g., may operate in an amplify forward mode), andmay be capable of receiving some control by a base station. For example,the base station may control a beam used by the relay, e.g. the sendand/or receive beam direction. The base station may control whether therelay is relaying uplink messages from a UE to the base station ordownlink messages from the base station to a UE. Such a relay may bereferred to herein as a Class B relay. A Class B relay may operate in afull duplex mode (e.g., may simultaneously receive the received signaland transmit the repeat signal) as the relay does not perform additionalprocessing of the received signal to generate the repeat signal.Therefore, the Class B relay may have a higher system capacity and lowerforwarding latency than classes of relays, e.g., a relay operating inhalf-duplex mode. As the Class B relay amplifies and forwards thereceived signal, noise and interference in the received signal may beincluded in the repeat signal which may reduce the overall effectiveSINR of the Class B relay.

In some aspects, a relay may receive a signal, decode the signal, andforward a re-encoded signal or a new signal based on the decoded signal.Such a relay may be referred to herein as a Class C relay. A Class Crelay may perform digital baseband processing of the received signal. AClass C relay may perform scheduling, such as MAC scheduling, based onthe decoded signal. In some aspects, a Class C relay may be anintegrated access and backhaul (IAB) node.

A Class C relay may operate in half-duplex mode. Processing of thereceived signal and/or waiting for resources to receive or transmitsignals during half-duplex operation may introduce latency caused byprocessing at a Class C relay that is not present in communicationrelayed by amplify-forward relays such as Class B relays. The repeatmessage sent by a Class C relay may have a lower SINR than a repeatmessage sent by a Class B relay because decoding the received messageand re-encoding the message to generate the repeat message may removenoise and interference on the received signal. Further, half-duplexoperation of the Class C relay may reduce or eliminate issues such asself-interference.

FIG. 4 illustrates a Class B relay 400. The Class B relay may include acontroller 410, a control interface 412, a receive antenna array 430, anamplifier 440, and a transmit antenna array 450. The receive antennaarray 430 and/or the transmit antenna array 450 may be phased antennaarrays. The controller 410 may control the receive antenna array 430 andthe transmit antenna array 450. For example, the controller 410 maycontrol which beam the receive antenna array 430 is receiving signals onand may control which beam the transmit antenna array 450 istransmitting signals on.

The Class B relay 400 may receive an analog signal on the receiveantenna array 430, e.g., based on the configured reception beam. In someaspects, a base station may transmit the signal to the Class B relay400. In some aspects, a UE may transmit the signal to the Class B relay400. The receive antenna array 430 may provide the received signal tothe amplifier 440. The amplifier 440 may comprise a variable gainamplifier having a gain set by the controller 410. The amplifier 440 mayamplify the received analog signal according to the gain to generate therepeat signal and may forward the repeat signal to transmit antennaarray 450. The transmit antenna array 450 may then transmit the repeatsignal, e.g., based on a configured transmission beam. In some aspects,where a base station transmitted the signal to the Class B relay 400,the transmit antenna array 450 may transmit the repeat signal to a UE.In some aspects, where a UE transmitted the signal to the Class B relay400, the transmit antenna array 450 may transmit the repeat signal to abase station or to another UE.

Another node may transmit a control signal to the Class B relay 400. Forexample, a donor node, a control node, etc. may provide controlinformation to the Class B relay. The Class B relay 400 may receive thecontrol signal at the control interface 412. The controller 410 maycontrol elements of the Class B relay based on the control signal. Forexample, the control signal may instruct the controller 410 to controlthe receive antenna array 430 to receive on a specific beam, mayinstruct the controller 410 to control the transmit antenna array 450 totransmit on a specific beam, and/or may instruct the controller 410 toutilize a specific gain at the amplifier 440.

In some aspects, the control interface 412 may operate using a differentRAT than the communication that is being relayed. For example, thecontrol interface 412 may include a separate modem (e.g., alow-frequency modem) for receiving the control signal. For example, insome aspects, the Class B relay 400 may be a mmW repeater and thecontrol interface 412 may include a Bluetooth modem, a narrowband IOTLTE modem, or a lower-frequency NR modem for receiving the controlsignal via the control interface 412. In some aspects, the controlinterface may receive control signals that are in-band with a signaltransmitted to the Class B relay 400 for forwarding to a UE (e.g., on anarrow bandwidth part of the same carrier frequency). In some aspects,the Class B relay 400 may be a mmW repeater and a base station may senda control signal to the Class B relay 400 using a mmW carrier.

FIG. 5 illustrates a relay 500. The relay 500 may include a controller510, a control interface 512, a receive antenna array 530, an amplifier540, a transmit antenna array 550, switches 562 a-d, and digitalprocessing block 570.

The controller 510 may control the receive antenna array 530 and thetransmit antenna array 550. For example, the controller 510 may controlwhich beam the receive antenna array 530 uses to receive signals on andmay control which beam the transmit antenna array 550 uses to transmitsignals. The receive antenna array 530 and/or the transmit antenna array550 may comprise phased antenna arrays.

The relay 500 may support operation in an amplify-forward mode where areceived signal is amplified and forwarded (e.g., similar to a Class Brelay described supra) and operation in a decode-forward mode where areceived signal is decoded and a message is forwarded based on thedecoded message (e.g., similar to a Class C relay described supra). Anamplify and forward-mode may employ a full duplex operation, and thedecode-forward mode may employ a half-duplex operation. The controller510 may control switches 562 a-d. The controller 510 may close switch562 a and switch 562 c and may open switch 562 b and switch 562 d tocause the relay 500 to operate in the amplify-forward mode. Thecontroller 510 may close switch 562 b and switch 562 d and may openswitch 562 a and switch 562 c to cause the relay 500 to operate in thedecode-forward mode. In some aspects, the controller 510 may operate therelay 500 in a full-duplex mode when the relay 500 operates inamplify-forward mode and may operate the relay 500 in a half-duplex modewhen the relay 500 operates in decode-forward mode. In some aspects, thecontroller 510 may open all of switches 562 a-d to forward the receivedanalog signal as the amplified repeat signal and perform digitalprocessing on the received analog signal. Where the digital processingblock 570 is processing the received signal but the amplifier 540 isamplifying and forwarding the received signal to the transmit antennaarray 550, switch 562 d may be open or closed, and the digitalprocessing block 570 may not forward a signal through the switch 562 d.

In some aspects, the relay 500 may receive a received signal from a basestation which includes relay control data and data for a served wirelessdevice, e.g., a UE. For example, the base station may multiplex therelay control data and the data for the served wireless device in thefrequency domain. The controller 510 may open all of switches 562 a-d,the digital processing block 570 may decode and extract the relaycontrol data and forward the relay control data to the controlinterface, and the amplifier 540 may amplify and forward the receivedsignal to the transmit antenna array 550 for transmission to theintended wireless device. The relay control data may include data suchas reference signals (e.g., synchronous signal block), broadcast signals(e.g., system information), or multicast control messages which may beused by both the relay 500 and the served wireless device.

The relay 500 may receive an analog signal on the receive antenna array530, e.g., based on the configured reception beam. In some aspects, abase station may transmit the signal to the relay 500. In some aspects,a UE or another relay node may transmit the signal to the relay 500.

When switch 562 a and switch 562 c are closed and switch 562 b andswitch 562 d are open (e.g., when the controller 510 closes switch 562 aand switch 562 c and opens switch 562 b and switch 562 d), the receiveantenna array 530 may provide the received signal to the amplifier 540.The amplifier 540 may comprise a variable gain amplifier having a gainset by the controller 510. The amplifier 540 may amplify the receivedanalog signal according to the gain to generate the repeat signal andmay forward the repeat signal to transmit antenna array 550 throughmixer 564.

When switch 562 b and switch 562 d are closed and switch 562 a andswitch 562 c are open (e.g., when the controller 510 closes switch 562 band switch 562 d and opens switch 562 a and switch 562 c), the receiveantenna array 530 may provide the received signal to the digitalprocessing block 570. The digital processing block 570 may demodulate,decode, encode, and modulate the received signal to generate the repeatsignal. In some aspects, the digital processing block 570 encodes thedecoded signal. In some aspects, the digital processing block 570modifies the decoded signal to generate a new digital signal and encodesthe new digital signal to generate the repeat signal. The processing atthe digital processing block 570 may be adjusted based on controlsignaling received via the control interface 512. Control signaling maybe received, for example, from a base station. The control interface maybe based on a different RAT than the communication being relayed. Thedigital processing block 570 may provide the repeat signal to thetransmit antenna array 550 through mixer 564.

In some aspects, the digital processing block 570 may includeintermediate frequency (IF) stage 572, IF stage 576, and digitalbaseband processor 574. The IF stages 572 and 576 may include mixers,filters, analog-to-digital converters (ADC), and/or digital-to-analogconverters (DAC).

The IF stage 572 may receive the RF received signal from the receiveantenna array 530, may convert the RF received signal into a digitalreceived signal, and may forward the digital received signal to thedigital baseband processor 574. For example, the IF stage 572 mayconvert the RF received signal into an IF received signal and mayconvert the IF received signal into the digital received signal.

The digital baseband processor 574 may decode the digital receivedsignal. The digital baseband processor 574 may then encode the decodeddigital received signal to generate a digital repeat signal, or maymodify the decoded digital received signal and encode the modifieddecoded digital received signal to generate the digital repeat signal.Aspects of the decoding and/or encoding of the signal may be controlledvia control signaling received via the control interface. Controlsignaling may be received, for example, from a base station. The controlinterface may be based on a different RAT than the communication beingrelayed. The digital baseband processor 574 forwards the digital repeatsignal to the IF stage 576.

The IF stage 576 may receive the digital repeat signal from the digitalbaseband processor 574, may convert the digital repeat signal into an IFrepeat signal, and may convert the IF repeat signal into an RF repeatsignal. The IF stage 576 may forward the RF repeat signal to thetransmit antenna array 550 through the mixer 564.

Upon receiving the repeat signal from the mixer 564, the transmitantenna array 550 may transmit the repeat signal, e.g., based on aconfigured transmission beam. In some aspects, where the relay 500received the initial signal from a base station, the transmit antennaarray 550 may transmit the repeat signal to a UE or to a child node. Insome aspects, where the relay 500 received the initial signal from a UEor child node, the transmit antenna array 550 may transmit the repeatsignal to a base station or to a parent node.

FIG. 6 is a communication diagram illustrating communication between abase station 604, a relay 602, and a UE 606 that includes selectionbetween multiple supported modes for the relay 602. Although the aspectsdescribed in connection with FIG. 6 are described for communicationrelayed between a UE 606 and a base station 604, the aspects maysimilarly be applied to communication that the relay 602 relays betweena base station 604 and a child node of the relay 602 or between a UE 606and a parent node of the relay 602.

As illustrated at 603, the relay 602 may notify the base station 604that the relay 602 supports multiple relay modes. For example, the relay602 may be the relay 500 described above with respect to FIG. 5 and mayindicate to the base station 604 that it supports amplify-forward anddecode-forward modes and/or that it is capable of switching between thetwo modes.

In some aspects, the relay 602 may also communicate additionalcapability information to the base station 604, as illustrated at 605.In some aspects, the additional capability information 605 may indicatewhether its capability to operate in a particular mode is beamdependent. For example, the additional capability information 605 mayinclude eligible transmit and/or receive beams for use with a given modeof operation. For example, a first mode may be feasible or effective ona given transmit and/or receive beam while a second mode may not befeasible or effective on the given transmit and/or receive beam (e.g.,where the first mode is a full-duplex/amplify-forward mode and thesecond mode is a half-duplex/decode-forward mode, transmit and receivebeams which are close together may function in the first mode but mayhave too much self-interference to function effectively in the secondmode). The relay 602 may communicate to the base station 604 that thegiven transmit and/or receive beams may be used when the relay 602 isoperating in the first mode but may not be used when the relay 602 isoperating in the second mode. In some aspects, the additional capabilityinformation 605 may include a noise figure, e.g., a loss in output SNR,for the relay 602. The noise figure may be based on a difference betweenan input SNR and an output SNR for the relay. The noise figure may bedue to an internal impairment, e.g., internal noise, that reduces theSNR. In some aspects, the additional capability information 605 mayinclude a maximum power gain and/or a maximum output power of the relay602. In some aspects, the additional capability information 605 mayinclude a the latency for the relay 602 to switch between modes.

In some aspects, the relay 602 may communicate measurement information607 to the base station 604. The measurement information 607 may includemeasurements of the backhaul link between the relay 602 and the basestation 604 (either directly linked or linked through one or moreadditional relays). The measurement information 607 may includemeasurements of the access link between the relay 602 and the UE 606(either directly linked or linked through one or more additionalrelays). In some aspects, the relay 602 may operate in anamplify-forward mode and the measurement information may include ameasured or estimated end-to-end signal to noise ratio when operating inthe amplify-forward mode. In some aspects, the UE 606 may additionallyor alternatively communicate such measurement information 609 to thebase station 604. As noted above, the aspects illustrated for UE 606 maybe performed by another relay node. Therefore, the base station mayreceive measurement information or other information from a relay node,and may use the information from the other relay node to determine themode for relay 602.

In some aspects, the base station 604 may select a mode for the relay602, as illustrated at 611, from the supported modes communicated by therelay 602. The base station 604 may select the mode, at 611, based onthe additional information 605 provided to the base station 604 by therelay 602. Where the additional information 605 includes eligibletransmit and/or receive beams for a given mode, the base station 604 maydetermine the transmit and/or receive beam over which a communicationbetween the base station 604 and the UE 606 will be sent, and may selecta mode for which those beams are eligible. Where the additionalinformation 605 includes a noise figure for the relay 602, the basestation 604 may use the noise figure to determine an anticipated SNR fora communication between the base station 604 and the UE 606 using anamplify-forward mode, and may select the amplify-forward mode if theanticipated SNR is above a threshold and may select another mode (e.g.,a decode-forward mode) if the anticipated SNR is below the threshold.

The base station 604 may select the mode, at 611, based on themeasurement information 609 provided to the base station 604 by therelay 602 and/or the measurement information 609 provided by the UE 606.For example, the base station 604 may use the measurement information609 to determine or estimate the end-to-end quality of the link betweenthe base station 604 and the UE 606, and may select an amplify-forwardmode if the quality is above a threshold and may select a decode-forwardmode if the quality is below the threshold. The base station 604 maymeasure uplink signals received from the UE 606 and may select the modebased on the measured uplink signals. For example, the relay 602 mayforward the uplink signals from the UE 606 to the base station 604 usingan amplify-forward mode, and the base station 604 may select anamplify-forward mode if the power and/or quality of the uplink signalsare above a threshold or may select a decode-forward mode if the powerand/or quality of the uplink signals are below the threshold. The UE 606may measure downlink signals received from the base station 604, mayreport the measurements 609 of the downlink signals, and the basestation 604 may select the mode, at 611, based on the measurements ofthe downlink signals. For example, the relay 602 may forward thedownlink signals to the UE 606 using an amplify-forward mode, the UE 606may report measurements of the downlink signals to the base station 604,and the base station 604 may select an amplify-forward mode if the powerand/or quality (e.g., the SNR, reference signal received power, orreceived signal strength indicator) of the downlink signals are above athreshold or may select a decode-forward mode if the power and/orquality of the downlink signals are below the threshold. The basestation 604 may select the mode, at 611, based on a quality of service(QoS) requirement for serving the UE 606. For example, where the QoSrequirement for traffic from the UE 606 indicates that traffic from theUE should have a maximum latency or a maximum SNR, the base station 604may select a mode capable of providing latency or SNR within theindicated limits.

The base station 604 may select the mode, at 611, based on a topology ofa backhaul network which includes the relay 602. The base station 604may consider the availability of other relays in the backhaul networkand/or the associations between relays and UEs in selecting a mode forthe relay 602. For example, the base station 604 may schedulecommunications with multiple UEs through all of the relays of thebackhaul network, and the base station 604 may select the mode for therelay 602 based on a globally optimized solution for the scheduling.

Upon selecting the mode for the relay 602, the base station 604 mayindicate the selected mode to the relay 602, e.g., in signaling 613. Insome aspects, the base station 604 may communicate the selected modedynamically, e.g. through an in-band control channel such as PDCCH. Insome aspects, the base station 604 may communicate the selected modesemi-statically. In some aspects, the base station 604 may alsocommunicate the selected mode to the UE 606. The base station 604 mayalso indicate the selected mode to a UE 606 or child node that is servedby the relay 602, e.g., in signaling 615.

In some aspects, the relay 602 may select a mode for itself, asillustrated at 617. The base station 604 may provide results orparameters that are used by the relay 602 to select or determine themode. The relay 602 may select its mode based on capabilities of therelay 602, including eligible transmit and/or receive beams for a givenmode of operation, a noise figure for the relay 602, a maximum powergain and/or a maximum output power of the relay 602, and/or a latency ofthe relay 602 for switching between modes, e.g., as described inconnection with the selection by the base station at 611. In someaspects, the relay 602 may collect measurement information and mayselect its mode based on the measurement information, e.g., as describedin connection with the selection by the base station at 611. Themeasurement information may include measurements of the backhaul linkbetween the relay 602 and the base station 604, measurements of theaccess link between the relay 602 and the UE 606, and/or an end-to-endsignal to noise ratio when operating in an amplify-forward mode. Therelay 602 may also receive measurement information from a UE 606 orchild node.

The relay 602 may have a set mode for serving a given UE, and may selectits mode based on the identity of the UE 606 being served. For example,the relay 602 may operate using an amplify-forward mode when servingUE1, may operate using a decode-forward mode when serving UE2, and mayselect the amplify-forward mode upon determining that the UE 606 is UE1.

The relay 602 may select its mode based on the physical channel overwhich a communication between the base station 604 and the UE 606 willbe sent. The relay 602 may select an amplify-forward mode when it willbe forwarding a communication over a control or a broadcast channel. Therelay 602 may select a decode-forward mode when it will be forwarding acommunication over a data channel.

The relay 602 may select its mode based on a QoS or traffic type for acommunication between the base station 604 and the UE 606. The relay 602may select an amplify-forward mode when the QoS or traffic type for thecommunication indicates that the communication is low latency traffic(e.g., URLLC traffic). The relay 602 may select a decode-forward modewhen the QoS or traffic type does not indicate that the communication islow latency traffic (e.g., where the communication is eMBB traffic).

In some aspects, the relay 602 may have a default mode of operation andmay operate in the default mode of operation unless certain criteriatriggering another mode of operation are met. For example, the relay 602may default to operating in a decode-forward mode, and may switch to anamplify-forward mode when the transmit and receive beam combinationcauses too much self-interference for the decode-forward mode or mayswitch to the amplify-forward mode when the QoS for traffic between thebase station 604 and the UE 606 indicates that the traffic should have alow latency.

In response to selecting its mode of operation at 617, the relay 602 mayindicate the selected mode to the base station 604, e.g., in signaling619. In some aspects, the relay 602 may communicate the selected mode tothe UE 606, e.g., in signaling 621. In some aspects, the relay 602 mayindicate the selected mode to the base station 604, and the base stationmay indicate the relay's mode of operation to the UE 606, e.g., insignaling 623.

Upon selecting its mode of operation at 617 and communicating theselected mode of operation to the base station 604, or upon receivingthe selected mode of operation from the base station at 613, the relay602 may operate using the selected mode of operation. For example, therelay 602 may change from operation based on a first mode to operationbased on a second mode at 627.

The base station 604 may schedule resources for the relay 602 or the UE606 served by the relay 602 based at least in part on the determinedmode of operation for the relay node, whether determined by the basestation 604 or the relay 602. A communication rate, the scheduledresources, and/or a serving beam may be determined by the base stationbased on the determined mode of operation for the relay node.

The mode of operation used by the relay 602 when sending communicationsto the UE 606 may impact the performance of the UE 606. Different modesmay have different effective SNRs, which may result in differentachieved modulation and coding scheme (MCS) rates for the UE. Differentmodes may result in signals being received by the UE 606 at differenttimes. Different modes may result in different amounts of interferenceobserved by the UE 606.

In some aspects, the mode of operation for the relay 602 may beindicated to the UE 606 (e.g., at 615 or 621). In response to learningthe mode of operation of the relay 602, whether the UE 606 received theindication of the selected mode from the base station 604 or the relay602, the UE 606 may adjust reception parameters, at 625, for receiving acommunication from the relay 602 or for transmitting communication tothe relay 602 to accommodate using the selected mode. In some aspects,the UE 606 may send a first reference signal when processing a signalreceived from the relay 602 operating using a first mode, and may send asecond reference signal when processing a signal received from the relay602 operating using a second mode. The UE 606 may adjust receptiontiming based on a change of the mode being used by the relay 602. The UE606 may adjust a beam configuration used to communicate with the relay602 based on an indication of a change of the relay's mode of operation.The UE may adjust an MCS used to communicate with the relay 602 based onan indication of a change of the relay's mode of operation.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart 700 of a method of wireless communication. Themethod may be performed by a base station or a component of a basestation (e.g., the base station 102, 180, 310, 604; the apparatus802/802′; the processing system 914, which may include the memory 376and which may be the entire base station 604 or a component of the basestation 604, such as the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and/orthe controller/processor 375). Optional aspects are illustrated with adashed line.

At 702, the base station receives capability information from a relaynode, the capability information indicating support for a first relaymode and a second relay mode. For example, the first relay mode maycomprise an amplify and forward mode and the second relay mode maycomprise a decode and forward mode. The reception of the capabilityinformation may be performed, e.g., by the capability informationcomponent 812 of the apparatus 802.

In some aspects, at 704, the base station provides information to therelay node, wherein the mode of operation is selected by the relay nodebased on the information. The information may be provided, e.g., by therelay information component 816 of the apparatus 802.

At 708, the base station determines a mode of operation for the relaynode. The mode of operation may comprise the first relay mode or thesecond relay mode, e.g., the amplify and forward mode or the decode andforward mode. The determination may be performed, e.g., by thedetermination component 814 of the apparatus 802. For example, as partof the determination at 708, the base station may select the mode ofoperation. Then, the base station may further provide information, at710, about the mode of operation determined by the base station. FIG. 6illustrates an example where the base station determines the mode forthe relay node and indicates the selected relay mode to the relay nodeand/or UE. Providing the information may include at least one ofproviding an indication of the determined mode of operation or providingrules or parameters based on which the mode of operation is selected bythe relay node. The information may be provided as an indication of themode of operation to the relay node in dynamic control information. Theinformation may be provided as an indication of the mode of operation tothe relay node in semi-static control information.

In some aspects, at 706, the base station may receive additionalinformation from the relay node, e.g., as described in connection with605, 607, and/or 609 in FIG. 6. The additional information may bereceived, e.g., by the additional information component 808 of theapparatus 802. The base station may determine the mode of operationbased on the additional information from the relay node. For example,the additional information may comprise at least one of: a beamdependence for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relaymode, a noise characteristic of the relay node, a power gain parameterfor the relay node, an output power parameter for the relay node, or aswitching latency parameter for the relay node. The additionalinformation may comprise at least one of: a first measurement report fora backhaul link between the relay node and the base station, a secondmeasurement report for an access link between the relay node and atleast one of a UE or a second relay node, or an SNR estimation for atleast one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode.

As a part of the determination of the mode of operation, at 708, thebase station may receive an indication from the relay node indicatingthe mode of operation. The base station may determine the mode ofoperation based on at least one of: information received from the relaynode, uplink measurements of one or more signals transmitted by at leastone of the relay node, a UE, or a second relay node, downlinkmeasurements reported by a UE or the second relay node, a QoSrequirement for the UE, or a topology of a backhaul network.

At 712, the base station communicates with the relay node based at leastin part on the determined mode of operation. In some aspects, thewireless node may be the relay. The base station may communicate theselected mode to the relay. The communication may include receivingcommunication from the relay and/or transmitting communication to therelay based on the determined mode of operation. Therefore, thecommunication may be performed, e.g., by the reception component 804and/or transmission component 810 of the apparatus 802. For example, thebase station may schedule resources for the relay node or a wirelessdevice served by the relay node based at least in part on the determinedmode of operation for the relay node, wherein at least one of acommunicate rate, the resources, or a serving beam are determined by thebase station based on the determined mode of operation for the relaynode. In some aspects, the wireless node may be a UE (e.g., a UEscheduled to communicate through the relay or which the base stationwill schedule to communicate through the relay). The base station mayindicate the determined mode of operation to the UE.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual data flow diagram 800 illustrating the data flowbetween different means/components in an example apparatus 802. Theapparatus may be a base station or a component of a base station. Theapparatus includes a reception component 804 that that receivescommunication from the relay node 850 and/or from the UE 860. Thereception component 804 may receive capability information, additionalinformation and/or selected mode information from the relay node 850,and may communicate with the relay node 850 and/or the UE 860 based on adetermined mode for the relay node 850, e.g., as described above inconnection with 712 in FIG. 7. The apparatus includes a transmissioncomponent 810 configured to transmit communication to the relay node 850and/or to the UE 860. The transmission component 810 may transmit anindication of a selected mode to the relay node 850, and may communicatewith the relay node 850 and/or the UE 860 based on a determined mode forthe relay node 850, e.g., as described above in connection with 712 inFIG. 7. The apparatus includes a capability information component 812configured to receive capability information from the relay node 850,the capability information indicating support for a first relay mode anda second relay mode, e.g., as described in connection with 702 in FIG.7. The apparatus includes an additional information component 808configured to receive additional information from the relay node 850,wherein the base station determines the mode of operation based on theadditional information from the relay node, e.g., as described inconnection with 706 in FIG. 7. The apparatus includes a determinationcomponent 814 configured to determine a mode of operation for the relaynode, e.g., as described above in connection with 708 in FIG. 7. Theapparatus includes a relay information component 816 configured toprovide information to the relay node, wherein the mode of operation isselected by the relay node based on the information, e.g., as describedabove in connection with 704 in FIG. 7.

The apparatus may include additional components that perform each of theblocks of the algorithm in the aforementioned flowchart of FIG. 7. Assuch, each block in the aforementioned flowchart of FIG. 7 may beperformed by a component and the apparatus may include one or more ofthose components. The components may be one or more hardware componentsspecifically configured to carry out the stated processes/algorithm,implemented by a processor configured to perform the statedprocesses/algorithm, stored within a computer-readable medium forimplementation by a processor, or some combination thereof.

FIG. 9 is a diagram 900 illustrating an example of a hardwareimplementation for an apparatus 802′ employing a processing system 914.The processing system 914 may be implemented with a bus architecture,represented generally by the bus 924. The bus 924 may include any numberof interconnecting buses and bridges depending on the specificapplication of the processing system 914 and the overall designconstraints. The bus 924 links together various circuits including oneor more processors and/or hardware components, represented by theprocessor 904, the components 804, 808, 810, 812, 814, and 816, and thecomputer-readable medium/memory 906. The bus 924 may also link variousother circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators,and power management circuits, which are well known in the art, andtherefore, will not be described any further.

The processing system 914 may be coupled to a transceiver 910. Thetransceiver 910 is coupled to one or more antennas 920. The transceiver910 provides a means for communicating with various other apparatus overa transmission medium. The transceiver 910 receives a signal from theone or more antennas 920, extracts information from the received signal,and provides the extracted information to the processing system 914,specifically the reception component 804. In addition, the transceiver910 receives information from the processing system 914, specificallythe transmission component 810, and based on the received information,generates a signal to be applied to the one or more antennas 920. Theprocessing system 914 includes a processor 904 coupled to acomputer-readable medium/memory 906. The processor 904 is responsiblefor general processing, including the execution of software stored onthe computer-readable medium/memory 906. The software, when executed bythe processor 904, causes the processing system 914 to perform thevarious functions described supra for any particular apparatus. Thecomputer-readable medium/memory 906 may also be used for storing datathat is manipulated by the processor 904 when executing software. Theprocessing system 914 further includes at least one of the components804, 808, 810, 812, 814, and 816. The components may be softwarecomponents running in the processor 904, resident/stored in the computerreadable medium/memory 906, one or more hardware components coupled tothe processor 904, or some combination thereof. The processing system914 may be a component of the base station 310 and may include thememory 376 and/or at least one of the TX processor 316, the RX processor370, and the controller/processor 375. Alternatively, the processingsystem 914 may be the entire base station (e.g., see 310 of FIG. 3).

In one configuration, the apparatus 802/802′ for wireless communicationincludes means for receiving capability information from a relay nodeand means for determining a mode of operation for the relay node. Theapparatus may include means for providing information to the relay node.The apparatus may include means for receiving additional informationfrom the relay node. The apparatus may include means for providing anindication of the selected mode to the relay node. The apparatus mayinclude means for communicating with the relay node based at least inpart on the determined mode of operation. The aforementioned means maybe one or more of the aforementioned components of the apparatus 802and/or the processing system 914 of the apparatus 802′ configured toperform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As describedsupra, the processing system 914 may include the TX Processor 316, theRX Processor 370, and the controller/processor 375. As such, in oneconfiguration, the aforementioned means may be the TX Processor 316, theRX Processor 370, and the controller/processor 375 configured to performthe functions recited by the aforementioned means.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart 1000 of a method of wireless communication. Themethod may be performed by a relay node or a component of a relay node(e.g., relay 103, 500, 602; the apparatus 1102/1102′; or the processingsystem 1214, which may include the memory 360). Optional aspects areillustrated with a dashed line.

At 1002, the relay node transmits capability information to a basestation, the capability information indicating support for a first relaymode and a second relay mode. The first relay mode may comprises anamplify and forward mode for full duplex communication and the secondrelay mode may comprise a decode and forward mode for half-duplexcommunication. The first relay mode or the second relay mode may be adefault mode for the relay node. The transmission of the capabilityinformation may be performed, e.g., by the capability informationcomponent 1108 of the apparatus.

In some aspects, at 1004, the relay node transmits additionalinformation to the base station, wherein the mode of operation is basedon the additional information transmitted to the base station. Theadditional information may be transmitted, e.g., by the transmissioncomponent 1110 of the apparatus 1102. The additional information maycomprise at least one of: a beam dependence for at least one of thefirst relay mode or the second relay mode, a noise characteristic of therelay node, a power gain parameter for the relay node, an output powerparameter for the relay node, or a switching latency parameter for therelay node. The additional information may comprise at least one of: afirst measurement report for a backhaul link between the relay node andthe base station, a second measurement report for an access link betweenthe relay node and at least one of a UE or a second relay node, or a SNRestimation for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relaymode.

In some aspects, at 1006, the relay node may receive information fromthe base station including an indication of a mode selected by the basestation. The additional information may be received, e.g., by the basestation information component 1112 of the apparatus 1102.

At 1008, the relay node determines a mode of operation, wherein the modeof operation comprises the first relay mode or the second relay mode.The determination may be performed, e.g., by the determination component1114 of the apparatus 1102. The mode of operation may be determinedbased on information received from the base station. The information mayinclude at least one of an indication of a mode selected by the basestation or rules or parameters based on which the mode of operation isdetermined by the relay node. The information may include an indicationof the mode of operation that is received from the base station indynamic control information. The information may include an indicationof the mode of operation that is received from the base station insemi-static control information. Determining the mode of operation, at1008, may include changing between the first relay mode and the secondrelay mode. The relay node may determine the mode of operation based onat least one of: uplink measurements for one or more signals transmittedby a UE or a second relay node, downlink measurements reported by the UEor the second relay node, a QoS requirement for the UE, or a topology ofa backhaul network. The relay node may determine the mode of operationbased on at least one of: a beam used by the relay node, a child nodeserved by the relay node, a type of channel relayed by the relay node,or a type of traffic relayed by the relay node.

In some aspects, at 1010, the relay node sends some information to thebase station indicating the mode of operation selected by the relaynode. The information indicating the mode of operation may be sent,e.g., by the determination component 1114 and/or the transmissioncomponent 1110 of the apparatus 1102.

At 1012, the relay node communicates with at least one of the basestation or another wireless device based at least in part on thedetermined mode of operation. For example, the reception component 1104may receive communication and/or the transmission component 1110 of theapparatus 1102 may transmit communication based on the determined modeof operation. The relay node may receive an allocation of resources fromthe base station based at least in part on the determined mode ofoperation for the relay node, wherein at least one of a communicaterate, the resources, or a serving beam are based on the determined modeof operation for the relay node.

FIG. 11 is a conceptual data flow diagram 1100 illustrating the dataflow between different means/components in an example apparatus 1102.The apparatus may be a relay node or a component of a relay node. Theapparatus includes reception component 804 that receives communicationfrom a base station 1150 or from a UE or a child relay node. Thereception component 804 may receive information from the base station1150 and may be configured to communicate with the base station 1150and/or wireless device served by the relay (such as a UE or child node)based on a determined mode for the relay mode 1102, e.g., as describedabove in connection with 1012 in FIG. 10. The apparatus includes atransmission component 1110 configured to transmit communication to thebase station 1150. The transmission component 1110 may transmitcapability information or an operation mode to the base station 1150,and may be configured to communicate with the base station 1150 based ona determined mode for the relay mode 1102, e.g., as described above inconnection with 1012 in FIG. 10. The apparatus includes a base stationinformation component 1112 configured to receive information from thebase station including an indication of a mode selected by the basestation, e.g., as described above in connection with 1006 in FIG. 10.The apparatus includes a determination component 1114 configured todetermines a mode of operation, wherein the mode of operation comprisesthe first relay mode or the second relay mode, as described above inconnection with 1008 in FIG. 10. The apparatus includes a capabilityinformation component 1108 configured to transmit capability informationto a base station, the capability information indicating support for afirst relay mode and a second relay mode, e.g., as described above inconnection with 1002 in FIG. 10.

The apparatus may include additional components that perform each of theblocks of the algorithm in the aforementioned flowchart of FIG. 10. Assuch, each block in the aforementioned flowchart of FIG. 10 may beperformed by a component and the apparatus may include one or more ofthose components. The components may be one or more hardware componentsspecifically configured to carry out the stated processes/algorithm,implemented by a processor configured to perform the statedprocesses/algorithm, stored within a computer-readable medium forimplementation by a processor, or some combination thereof.

FIG. 12 is a diagram 1200 illustrating an example of a hardwareimplementation for an apparatus 1102′ employing a processing system1214. The processing system 1214 may be implemented with a busarchitecture, represented generally by the bus 1224. The bus 1224 mayinclude any number of interconnecting buses and bridges depending on thespecific application of the processing system 1214 and the overalldesign constraints. The bus 1224 links together various circuitsincluding one or more processors and/or hardware components, representedby the processor 1204, the components 1104, 1108, 1110, 1112, and 1114,and the computer-readable medium/memory 1206. The bus 1224 may also linkvarious other circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltageregulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in theart, and therefore, will not be described any further.

The processing system 1214 may be coupled to a transceiver 1210. Thetransceiver 1210 is coupled to one or more antennas 1220. Thetransceiver 1210 provides a means for communicating with various otherapparatus over a transmission medium. The transceiver 1210 receives asignal from the one or more antennas 1220, extracts information from thereceived signal, and provides the extracted information to theprocessing system 1214, specifically the reception component 1104. Inaddition, the transceiver 1210 receives information from the processingsystem 1214, specifically the transmission component 1110, and based onthe received information, generates a signal to be applied to the one ormore antennas 1220. The processing system 1214 includes a processor 1204coupled to a computer-readable medium/memory 1206. The processor 1204 isresponsible for general processing, including the execution of softwarestored on the computer-readable medium/memory 1206. The software, whenexecuted by the processor 1204, causes the processing system 1214 toperform the various functions described supra for any particularapparatus. The computer-readable medium/memory 1206 may also be used forstoring data that is manipulated by the processor 1204 when executingsoftware. The processing system 1214 further includes at least one ofthe components 1104, 1108, 1110, 1112, and 1114. The components may besoftware components running in the processor 1204, resident/stored inthe computer readable medium/memory 1206, one or more hardwarecomponents coupled to the processor 1204, or some combination thereof.

In one configuration, the apparatus 1102/1102′ for wirelesscommunication includes means for transmitting capability information toa base station and means for determining a mode of operation. Theapparatus may include means for transmitting additional information tothe base station. The apparatus may include means for receivinginformation from the base station including an indication of a modeselected by the base station. The apparatus may include means forsending information to the base station indicating the operation modeselected by the relay node. The apparatus may include means forcommunicating with at least one of the base station and another wirelessdevice based at least in part on the determined mode of operation. Theaforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned componentsof the apparatus 1102 and/or the processing system 1214 of the apparatus1102′ configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementionedmeans. The processing system 1214 may include the TX Processor 316, theRX Processor 370, and the controller/processor 375. As such, in oneconfiguration, the aforementioned means may be the TX Processor 316, theRX Processor 370, and the controller/processor 375 configured to performthe functions recited by the aforementioned means.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart 1300 of a method of wireless communication at awireless device served by a relay node. The method may be performed by aUE or a component of a UE (e.g., the UE 104, 350, 606), by another relaynode or a component of a relay node (e.g., a child node of the relaynode), by the apparatus 1402/1402′; the processing system 1514, whichmay include the memory 360 and which may be a relay node, a relay nodecomponent or an entire UE 350 or a component of the UE 350, such as theTX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and/or the controller/processor359).

At 1302, the wireless device receives an indication of a mode ofoperation for the relay node. The indication may indicate a first relaymode or a second relay mode. The first relay mode may comprise anamplify and forward mode, and the second relay mode may comprise adecode and forward mode. The wireless device may be a UE served by therelay node or a child node of the relay node. The indication may bereceived from the relay node. The indication may be received from a basestation. The indication may be received, e.g., by the indicated modecomponent 1412 and/or reception component 1404 of the apparatus 1402.

At 1304, the wireless device determines at least one parameter forcommunicating with the relay node based on the mode of operationindicated for the relay node. The determination may be performed, e.g.,by the communication parameter determination component 1414 of theapparatus 1402. A parameter that is determined based on the mode ofoperation indicated for the relay node may include an MCS used tocommunicate with the relay node. A parameter that is determined based onthe mode of operation indicated for the relay node may include areception timing to communicate with the relay node. A parameter that isdetermined based on the mode of operation indicated for the relay nodemay include a reference signal used to communicate with the relay node.A parameter that is determined based on the mode of operation indicatedfor the relay node may include a beam configuration used to communicatewith the relay node. In some examples, when the wireless device is achild relay node of the relay node, the child relay node may determineits own mode of operation (which may be referred to as a relay node modeof operation) based on the mode of operation of the relay node servingthe child relay node.

The wireless device may receive an allocation of resources from a basestation based at least in part on the determined mode of operation forthe relay node. A communication rate, the scheduled resources, and/or aserving beam may be based on the mode of operation for the relay node.

FIG. 14 is a conceptual data flow diagram 1400 illustrating the dataflow between different means/components in an example apparatus 1402.The apparatus may be a UE or a component of a UE. The apparatus may be achild relay node served by the relay node or a component of such a childrelay node. The apparatus includes a reception component 1404 thatreceives communication from the relay node 1450 and/or from a basestation. The apparatus includes a transmission component 1410 configuredto transmit communication to the relay node 1450 and/or to a basestation. The apparatus includes an indicated mode component 1412configured to receive an indication of a mode of operation for the relaynode, wherein the indication indicates a first relay mode or a secondrelay mode, e.g., as described in connection with 1302 in FIG. 13. Theapparatus includes a communication parameter determination component1414 that determines at least one parameter for communicating with therelay node based on the mode of operation indicated for the relay node,e.g., as described in connection with 1304 in FIG. 13.

The apparatus may include additional components that perform each of theblocks of the algorithm in the aforementioned flowchart of FIG. 13. Assuch, each block in the aforementioned flowchart of FIG. 13 may beperformed by a component and the apparatus may include one or more ofthose components. The components may be one or more hardware componentsspecifically configured to carry out the stated processes/algorithm,implemented by a processor configured to perform the statedprocesses/algorithm, stored within a computer-readable medium forimplementation by a processor, or some combination thereof.

FIG. 15 is a diagram 1500 illustrating an example of a hardwareimplementation for an apparatus 1402′ employing a processing system1514. The processing system 1514 may be implemented with a busarchitecture, represented generally by the bus 1524. The bus 1524 mayinclude any number of interconnecting buses and bridges depending on thespecific application of the processing system 1514 and the overalldesign constraints. The bus 1524 links together various circuitsincluding one or more processors and/or hardware components, representedby the processor 1504, the components 1404, 1410, 1412, 1414, and thecomputer-readable medium/memory 1506. The bus 1524 may also link variousother circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators,and power management circuits, which are well known in the art, andtherefore, will not be described any further.

The processing system 1514 may be coupled to a transceiver 1510. Thetransceiver 1510 is coupled to one or more antennas 1520. Thetransceiver 1510 provides a means for communicating with various otherapparatus over a transmission medium. The transceiver 1510 receives asignal from the one or more antennas 1520, extracts information from thereceived signal, and provides the extracted information to theprocessing system 1514, specifically the reception component 1404. Inaddition, the transceiver 1510 receives information from the processingsystem 1514, specifically the transmission component 1410, and based onthe received information, generates a signal to be applied to the one ormore antennas 1520. The processing system 1514 includes a processor 1504coupled to a computer-readable medium/memory 1506. The processor 1504 isresponsible for general processing, including the execution of softwarestored on the computer-readable medium/memory 1506. The software, whenexecuted by the processor 1504, causes the processing system 1514 toperform the various functions described supra for any particularapparatus. The computer-readable medium/memory 1506 may also be used forstoring data that is manipulated by the processor 1504 when executingsoftware. The processing system 1514 further includes at least one ofthe components 1404, 1410, 1412, 1414. The components may be softwarecomponents running in the processor 1504, resident/stored in thecomputer readable medium/memory 1506, one or more hardware componentscoupled to the processor 1504, or some combination thereof. Theprocessing system 1514 may be a component of the UE 350 and may includethe memory 360 and/or at least one of the TX processor 368, the RXprocessor 356, and the controller/processor 359. Alternatively, theprocessing system 1514 may be the entire UE (e.g., see 350 of FIG. 3).

In one configuration, the apparatus 1402/1402′ for wirelesscommunication includes means for receiving an indication of a mode ofoperation for the relay node from a first relay mode to a second relaymode and means for determining at least one parameter for communicatingwith the relay node based on the mode of operation indicated for therelay node. The aforementioned means may be one or more of theaforementioned components of the apparatus 1402 and/or the processingsystem 1514 of the apparatus 1402′ configured to perform the functionsrecited by the aforementioned means. As described supra, the processingsystem 1514 may include the TX Processor 368, the RX Processor 356, andthe controller/processor 359. As such, in one configuration, theaforementioned means may be the TX Processor 368, the RX Processor 356,and the controller/processor 359 configured to perform the functionsrecited by the aforementioned means. Further disclosure is included inthe Appendix.

It is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in theprocesses/flowcharts disclosed is an illustration of example approaches.Based upon design preferences, it is understood that the specific orderor hierarchy of blocks in the processes/flowcharts may be rearranged.Further, some blocks may be combined or omitted. The accompanying methodclaims present elements of the various blocks in a sample order, and arenot meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in theart to practice the various aspects described herein. Variousmodifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilledin the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied toother aspects. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to theaspects shown herein, but is to be accorded the full scope consistentwith the language claims, wherein reference to an element in thesingular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specificallyso stated, but rather “one or more.” The word “exemplary” is used hereinto mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any aspectdescribed herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed aspreferred or advantageous over other aspects. Unless specifically statedotherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. Combinations such as“at least one of A, B, or C,” “one or more of A, B, or C,” “at least oneof A, B, and C,” “one or more of A, B, and C,” and “A, B, C, or anycombination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and/or C, and mayinclude multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiples of C. Specifically,combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C,” “one or more of A, B,or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” “one or more of A, B, and C,” and“A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be A only, B only, C only, Aand B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combinationsmay contain one or more member or members of A, B, or C. All structuraland functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspectsdescribed throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to beknown to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporatedherein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims.Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to thepublic regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited inthe claims. The words “module,” “mechanism,” “element,” “device,” andthe like may not be a substitute for the word “means.” As such, no claimelement is to be construed as a means plus function unless the elementis expressly recited using the phrase “means for.”

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of wireless communication at a base station, comprising: receiving capability information from a relay node, the capability information indicating support for a first relay mode and a second relay mode; determining a mode of operation for the relay node, wherein the mode of operation comprises the first relay mode or the second relay mode; and communicating with a wireless node based at least in part on the determined mode of operation.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless node is the relay.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless node is a user equipment (UE) and communicating with the wireless equipment based at least in part on the determined mode of operation is indicating the determined mode of operation to the UE.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the base station schedules resources for the relay node or a wireless device served by the relay node based at least in part on the determined mode of operation for the relay node, and wherein at least one of a communicate rate, the resources, or a serving beam are determined by the base station based on the determined mode of operation for the relay node.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first relay mode comprises an amplify and forward mode and the second relay mode comprises a decode and forward mode.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the mode of operation comprises selecting the mode of operation and providing information about the mode of operation determined by the base station.
 7. The method of claim 6, wherein providing the information includes at least one of providing an indication of the determined mode of operation or providing rules or parameters based on which the mode of operation is selected by the relay node.
 8. The method of claim 6, wherein providing the information includes providing an indication of the mode of operation to the relay node in dynamic control information.
 9. The method of claim 6, wherein providing the information includes providing an indication of the mode of operation to the relay node in semi-static control information.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the mode of operation comprises receiving an indication from the relay node indicating the mode of operation.
 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising providing information to the relay node, wherein the mode of operation is selected by the relay node based on the information.
 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving additional information from the relay node, wherein the base station determines the mode of operation based on the additional information from the relay node.
 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a beam dependence for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode, a noise characteristic of the relay node, a power gain parameter for the relay node, an output power parameter for the relay node, or a switching latency parameter for the relay node.
 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a first measurement report for a backhaul link between the relay node and the base station, a second measurement report for an access link between the relay node and at least one of a user equipment (UE) or a second relay node, or a signal to noise ratio (SNR) estimation for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode.
 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the base station determines the mode of operation based on at least one of: information received from the relay node, uplink measurements of one or more signals transmitted by at least one of the relay node, a user equipment (UE), or a second relay node, downlink measurements reported by a UE or the second relay node, a quality of service (QoS) requirement for the UE, or a topology of a backhaul network.
 16. An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: a memory; and at least one processor coupled to the memory and configured to: receive capability information from a relay node, the capability information indicating support for a first relay mode and a second relay mode; determine a mode of operation for the relay node, wherein the mode of operation comprises the first relay mode or the second relay mode; and communicate with a wireless node based at least in part on the determined mode of operation.
 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the wireless node is the relay.
 18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the wireless node is a user equipment (UE) and communicating with the wireless equipment based at least in part on the determined mode of operation is indicating the determined mode of operation to the UE.
 19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the processor schedules resources for the relay node or a wireless device served by the relay node based at least in part on the determined mode of operation for the relay node, and wherein at least one of a communicate rate, the resources, or a serving beam are determined by the processor based on the determined mode of operation for the relay node.
 20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first relay mode comprises an amplify and forward mode and the second relay mode comprises a decode and forward mode.
 21. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein determining the mode of operation comprises selecting the mode of operation and comprises providing information about the mode of operation determined by the processor.
 22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein providing the information includes at least one of providing an indication of the determined mode of operation or providing rules or parameters based on which the mode of operation is selected by the relay node.
 23. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein providing the information includes providing an indication of the mode of operation to the relay node in dynamic control information.
 24. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein providing the information includes providing an indication of the mode of operation to the relay node in semi-static control information.
 25. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein determining the mode of operation comprises receiving an indication from the relay node indicating the mode of operation.
 26. The apparatus of claim 25, further comprising providing information to the relay node, wherein the mode of operation is selected by the relay node based on the information.
 27. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the processor is further configured to: receive additional information from the relay node, wherein the processor determines the mode of operation based on the additional information from the relay node.
 28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a beam dependence for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode, a noise characteristic of the relay node, a power gain parameter for the relay node, an output power parameter for the relay node, or a switching latency parameter for the relay node.
 29. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a first measurement report for a backhaul link between the relay node and the base station, a second measurement report for an access link between the relay node and at least one of a user equipment (UE) or a second relay node, or a signal to noise ratio (SNR) estimation for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode.
 30. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the processor determines the mode of operation based on at least one of: information received from the relay node, uplink measurements of one or more signals transmitted by at least one of the relay node, a user equipment (UE), or a second relay node, downlink measurements reported by a UE or the second relay node, a quality of service (QoS) requirement for the UE, or a topology of a backhaul network.
 31. An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: means for receiving capability information from a relay node, the capability information indicating support for a first relay mode and a second relay mode; means for determining a mode of operation for the relay node, wherein the mode of operation comprises the first relay mode or the second relay mode; and means for communicating a wireless node based at least in part on the determined mode of operation.
 32. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the wireless node is the relay.
 33. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the wireless node is a user equipment (UE) and the means for communicating with the wireless equipment based at least in part on the determined mode of operation is configured to indicate the determined mode of operation to the UE.
 34. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the base station schedules resources for the relay node or a wireless device served by the relay node based at least in part on the determined mode of operation for the relay node, and wherein at least one of a communicate rate, the resources, or a serving beam are determined by the base station based on the determined mode of operation for the relay node.
 35. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the first relay mode comprises an amplify and forward mode and the second relay mode comprises a decode and forward mode.
 36. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the means for determining the mode of operation is configured to select the mode of operation and provide information about the mode of operation determined by the base station.
 37. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein providing the information includes at least one of providing an indication of the determined mode of operation or providing rules or parameters based on which the mode of operation is selected by the relay node.
 38. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein providing the information includes providing an indication of the mode of operation to the relay node in dynamic control information.
 39. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein providing the information includes providing an indication of the mode of operation to the relay node in semi-static control information.
 40. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the means for determining the mode of operation is configured to receive an indication from the relay node indicating the mode of operation.
 41. The apparatus of claim 40, further comprising providing information to the relay node, wherein the mode of operation is selected by the relay node based on the information.
 42. The apparatus of claim 31, further comprising: means for receiving additional information from the relay node, wherein the base station determines the mode of operation based on the additional information from the relay node.
 43. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a beam dependence for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode, a noise characteristic of the relay node, a power gain parameter for the relay node, an output power parameter for the relay node, or a switching latency parameter for the relay node.
 44. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a first measurement report for a backhaul link between the relay node and the base station, a second measurement report for an access link between the relay node and at least one of a user equipment (UE) or a second relay node, or a signal to noise ratio (SNR) estimation for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode.
 45. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the base station determines the mode of operation based on at least one of: information received from the relay node, uplink measurements of one or more signals transmitted by at least one of the relay node, a user equipment (UE), or a second relay node, downlink measurements reported by a UE or the second relay node, a quality of service (QoS) requirement for the UE, or a topology of a backhaul network.
 46. A computer-readable medium storing computer executable code for wireless communication at a base station, the code when executed by a processor cause the processor to: receive capability information from a relay node, the capability information indicating support for a first relay mode and a second relay mode; determine a mode of operation for the relay node, wherein the mode of operation comprises the first relay mode or the second relay mode; and communicate with a wireless node based at least in part on the determined mode of operation.
 47. The computer-readable medium of claim 46, wherein the wireless node is the relay.
 48. The computer-readable medium of claim 46, wherein the wireless node is a user equipment (UE) and communicating with the wireless equipment based at least in part on the determined mode of operation is indicating the determined mode of operation to the UE.
 49. The computer-readable medium of claim 46, wherein the base station schedules resources for the relay node or a wireless device served by the relay node based at least in part on the determined mode of operation for the relay node, and wherein at least one of a communicate rate, the resources, or a serving beam are determined by the base station based on the determined mode of operation for the relay node.
 50. The computer-readable medium of claim 46, wherein the first relay mode comprises an amplify and forward mode and the second relay mode comprises a decode and forward mode.
 51. The computer-readable medium of claim 46, wherein determining the mode of operation comprises selecting the mode of operation and providing information about the mode of operation determined by the base station.
 52. The computer-readable medium of claim 51, wherein providing the information includes at least one of providing an indication of the determined mode of operation or providing rules or parameters based on which the mode of operation is selected by the relay node.
 53. The computer-readable medium of claim 51, wherein providing the information includes providing an indication of the mode of operation to the relay node in dynamic control information.
 54. The computer-readable medium of claim 51, wherein providing the information includes providing an indication of the mode of operation to the relay node in semi-static control information.
 55. The computer-readable medium of claim 46, wherein determining the mode of operation comprises receiving an indication from the relay node indicating the mode of operation.
 56. The computer-readable medium of claim 55, wherein the code when executed by the processor cause the processor to provide information to the relay node, wherein the mode of operation is selected by the relay node based on the information.
 57. The computer-readable medium of claim 46, wherein the code when executed by a processor cause the processor to: receive additional information from the relay node, wherein the base station determines the mode of operation based on the additional information from the relay node.
 58. The computer-readable medium of claim 57, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a beam dependence for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode, a noise characteristic of the relay node, a power gain parameter for the relay node, an output power parameter for the relay node, or a switching latency parameter for the relay node.
 59. The computer-readable medium of claim 57, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a first measurement report for a backhaul link between the relay node and the base station, a second measurement report for an access link between the relay node and at least one of a user equipment (UE) or a second relay node, or a signal to noise ratio (SNR) estimation for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode.
 60. The computer-readable medium of claim 46, wherein the base station determines the mode of operation based on at least one of: information received from the relay node, uplink measurements of one or more signals transmitted by at least one of the relay node, a user equipment (UE), or a second relay node, downlink measurements reported by a UE or the second relay node, a quality of service (QoS) requirement for the UE, or a topology of a backhaul network.
 61. A method of wireless communication at a relay node, comprising: transmitting capability information to a base station, the capability information indicating support for a first relay mode and a second relay mode; determining a mode of operation, wherein the mode of operation comprises the first relay mode or the second relay mode; and communicating with at least one of the base station or another wireless device based at least in part on the determined mode of operation.
 62. The method of claim 61, wherein the mode of operation is determined based on information received from the base station.
 63. The method of claim 62, wherein the information includes at least one of an indication of a mode selected by the base station or rules or parameters based on which the mode of operation is determined by the relay node.
 64. The method of claim 62, wherein the information includes an indication of the mode of operation that is received from the base station in dynamic control information.
 65. The method of claim 62, wherein the information includes an indication of the mode of operation that is received from the base station in semi-static control information.
 66. The method of claim 61, further comprising sending some information to the base station indicating the mode of operation selected by the relay node.
 67. The method of claim 61, wherein the first relay mode comprises an amplify and forward mode for full duplex communication and the second relay mode comprises a decode and forward mode for half-duplex communication.
 68. The method of claim 61, further comprising: transmitting additional information to the base station, wherein the mode of operation is based on the additional information transmitted to the base station.
 69. The method of claim 68, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a beam dependence for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode, a noise characteristic of the relay node, a power gain parameter for the relay node, an output power parameter for the relay node, or a switching latency parameter for the relay node.
 70. The method of claim 68, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a first measurement report for a backhaul link between the relay node and the base station, a second measurement report for an access link between the relay node and at least one of a user equipment (UE) or a second relay node, or a signal to noise ratio (SNR) estimation for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode.
 71. The method of claim 61, wherein determining the mode of operation includes changing between the first relay mode and the second relay mode.
 72. The method of claim 61, wherein the relay node determines the mode of operation based on at least one of: uplink measurements for one or more signals transmitted by a user equipment (UE) or a second relay node, downlink measurements reported by the UE or the second relay node, a quality of service (QoS) requirement for the UE, or a topology of a backhaul network.
 73. The method of claim 61, wherein the first relay mode or the second relay mode is a default mode for the relay node.
 74. The method of claim 61, wherein the relay node determines the mode of operation based on at least one of: a beam used by the relay node, a child node served by the relay node, a type of channel relayed by the relay node, or a type of traffic relayed by the relay node.
 75. The method of claim 61, wherein the relay node receives an allocation of resources from the base station based at least in part on the determined mode of operation for the relay node, wherein at least one of a communicate rate, the resources, or a serving beam are based on the determined mode of operation for the relay node.
 76. An apparatus for wireless communication at a relay node, comprising: a memory; and at least one processor coupled to the memory and configured to: transmit capability information to a base station, the capability information indicating support for a first relay mode and a second relay mode; determine a mode of operation, wherein the mode of operation comprises the first relay mode or the second relay mode; and communicate with at least one of the base station or another wireless device based at least in part on the determined mode of operation.
 77. The apparatus of claim 76, wherein the mode of operation is determined based on information received from the base station.
 78. The apparatus of claim 77, wherein the information includes at least one of an indication of a mode selected by the base station or rules or parameters based on which the mode of operation is determined by the processor.
 79. The apparatus of claim 77, wherein the information includes an indication of the mode of operation that is received from the base station in dynamic control information.
 80. The apparatus of claim 77, wherein the information includes an indication of the mode of operation that is received from the base station in semi-static control information.
 81. The apparatus of claim 76, wherein the processor is further configured to sending some information to the base station indicating the mode of operation selected by the processor.
 82. The apparatus of claim 76, wherein the first relay mode comprises an amplify and forward mode for full duplex communication and the second relay mode comprises a decode and forward mode for half-duplex communication.
 83. The apparatus of claim 76, wherein the processor is further configured to: transmitting additional information to the base station, wherein the mode of operation is based on the additional information transmitted to the base station.
 84. The apparatus of claim 83, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a beam dependence for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode, a noise characteristic of the relay node, a power gain parameter for the relay node, an output power parameter for the relay node, or a switching latency parameter for the relay node.
 85. The apparatus of claim 83, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a first measurement report for a backhaul link between the relay node and the base station, a second measurement report for an access link between the relay node and at least one of a user equipment (UE) or a second relay node, or a signal to noise ratio (SNR) estimation for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode.
 86. The apparatus of claim 76, wherein determining the mode of operation includes changing between the first relay mode and the second relay mode.
 87. The apparatus of claim 76, wherein the relay node determines the mode of operation based on at least one of: uplink measurements for one or more signals transmitted by a user equipment (UE) or a second relay node, downlink measurements reported by the UE or the second relay node, a quality of service (QoS) requirement for the UE, or a topology of a backhaul network.
 88. The apparatus of claim 76, wherein the first relay mode or the second relay mode is a default mode for the relay node.
 89. The apparatus of claim 76, wherein the relay node determines the mode of operation based on at least one of: a beam used by the relay node, a child node served by the relay node, a type of channel relayed by the relay node, or a type of traffic relayed by the relay node.
 90. The apparatus of claim 76, wherein the relay node receives an allocation of resources from the base station based at least in part on the determined mode of operation for the relay node, wherein at least one of a communicate rate, the resources, or a serving beam are based on the determined mode of operation for the relay node.
 91. An apparatus for wireless communication at a relay node, comprising: means for transmitting capability information to a base station, the capability information indicating support for a first relay mode and a second relay mode; means for determining a mode of operation, wherein the mode of operation comprises the first relay mode or the second relay mode; and means for communicating with at least one of the base station or another wireless device based at least in part on the determined mode of operation.
 92. The apparatus of claim 91, wherein the mode of operation is determined based on information received from the base station.
 93. The apparatus of claim 92, wherein the information includes at least one of an indication of a mode selected by the base station or rules or parameters based on which the mode of operation is determined by the relay node.
 94. The apparatus of claim 92, wherein the information includes an indication of the mode of operation that is received from the base station in dynamic control information.
 95. The apparatus of claim 92, wherein the information includes an indication of the mode of operation that is received from the base station in semi-static control information.
 96. The apparatus of claim 91, further comprising sending some information to the base station indicating the mode of operation selected by the relay node.
 97. The apparatus of claim 91, wherein the first relay mode comprises an amplify and forward mode for full duplex communication and the second relay mode comprises a decode and forward mode for half-duplex communication.
 98. The apparatus of claim 91, further comprising: transmitting additional information to the base station, wherein the mode of operation is based on the additional information transmitted to the base station.
 99. The apparatus of claim 98, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a beam dependence for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode, a noise characteristic of the relay node, a power gain parameter for the relay node, an output power parameter for the relay node, or a switching latency parameter for the relay node.
 100. The apparatus of claim 98, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a first measurement report for a backhaul link between the relay node and the base station, a second measurement report for an access link between the relay node and at least one of a user equipment (UE) or a second relay node, or a signal to noise ratio (SNR) estimation for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode.
 101. The apparatus of claim 91, wherein determining the mode of operation includes changing between the first relay mode and the second relay mode.
 102. The apparatus of claim 91, wherein the relay node determines the mode of operation based on at least one of: uplink measurements for one or more signals transmitted by a user equipment (UE) or a second relay node, downlink measurements reported by the UE or the second relay node, a quality of service (QoS) requirement for the UE, or a topology of a backhaul network.
 103. The apparatus of claim 91, wherein the first relay mode or the second relay mode is a default mode for the relay node.
 104. The apparatus of claim 91, wherein the relay node determines the mode of operation based on at least one of: a beam used by the relay node, a child node served by the relay node, a type of channel relayed by the relay node, or a type of traffic relayed by the relay node.
 105. The apparatus of claim 91, wherein the relay node receives an allocation of resources from the base station based at least in part on the determined mode of operation for the relay node, wherein at least one of a communicate rate, the resources, or a serving beam are based on the determined mode of operation for the relay node.
 106. A computer-readable medium storing computer executable code for wireless communication at a relay node, the code when executed by a processor cause the processor to: transmit capability information to a base station, the capability information indicating support for a first relay mode and a second relay mode; determine a mode of operation, wherein the mode of operation comprises the first relay mode or the second relay mode; and communicate with at least one of the base station or another wireless device based at least in part on the determined mode of operation.
 107. The computer-readable medium of claim 106, wherein the mode of operation is determined based on information received from the base station.
 108. The computer-readable medium of claim 107, wherein the information includes at least one of an indication of a mode selected by the base station or rules or parameters based on which the mode of operation is determined by the relay node.
 109. The computer-readable medium of claim 107, wherein the information includes an indication of the mode of operation that is received from the base station in dynamic control information.
 110. The computer-readable medium of claim 107, wherein the information includes an indication of the mode of operation that is received from the base station in semi-static control information.
 111. The computer-readable medium of claim 106, wherein the code causes the processor to send some information to the base station indicating the mode of operation selected by the relay node.
 112. The computer-readable medium of claim 106, wherein the first relay mode comprises an amplify and forward mode for full duplex communication and the second relay mode comprises a decode and forward mode for half-duplex communication.
 113. The computer-readable medium of claim 106, wherein the code causes the processor to: transmit additional information to the base station, wherein the mode of operation is based on the additional information transmitted to the base station.
 114. The computer-readable medium of claim 113, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a beam dependence for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode, a noise characteristic of the relay node, a power gain parameter for the relay node, an output power parameter for the relay node, or a switching latency parameter for the relay node.
 115. The computer-readable medium of claim 113, wherein the additional information comprises at least one of: a first measurement report for a backhaul link between the relay node and the base station, a second measurement report for an access link between the relay node and at least one of a user equipment (UE) or a second relay node, or a signal to noise ratio (SNR) estimation for at least one of the first relay mode or the second relay mode.
 116. The computer-readable medium of claim 106, wherein determining the mode of operation includes changing between the first relay mode and the second relay mode.
 117. The computer-readable medium of claim 106, wherein the relay node determines the mode of operation based on at least one of: uplink measurements for one or more signals transmitted by a user equipment (UE) or a second relay node, downlink measurements reported by the UE or the second relay node, a quality of service (QoS) requirement for the UE, or a topology of a backhaul network.
 118. The computer-readable medium of claim 106, wherein the first relay mode or the second relay mode is a default mode for the relay node.
 119. The computer-readable medium of claim 106, wherein the relay node determines the mode of operation based on at least one of: a beam used by the relay node, a child node served by the relay node, a type of channel relayed by the relay node, or a type of traffic relayed by the relay node.
 120. The computer-readable medium of claim 106, wherein the relay node receives an allocation of resources from the base station based at least in part on the determined mode of operation for the relay node, wherein at least one of a communicate rate, the resources, or a serving beam are based on the determined mode of operation for the relay node.
 121. A method of wireless communication at a wireless device served by a relay node, comprising: receiving an indication of a mode of operation for the relay node from a first relay mode to a second relay mode; and determining at least one parameter for communicating with the relay node based on the mode of operation indicated for the relay node.
 122. The method of claim 121, wherein the first relay mode comprises an amplify and forward mode and the second relay mode comprises a decode and forward mode.
 123. The method of claim 121, wherein the at least one parameter that is determined based on the mode of operation indicated for the relay node includes at least one of: a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) used to communicate with the relay node, a reception timing to communicate with the relay node, a reference signal used to communicate with the relay node, or a beam configuration used to communicate with the relay node.
 124. The method of claim 121, wherein the indication is received from the relay node.
 125. The method of claim 121, wherein the indication is received from a base station.
 126. The method of claim 121, wherein the wireless device is a user equipment (UE).
 127. The method of claim 121, wherein the wireless device is a child relay node served by the relay node.
 128. The method of claim 127, wherein the child relay node determines a relay node mode of operation based on the mode of operation of the relay node serving the child relay node.
 129. The method of claim 121, wherein the wireless device receives an allocation of resources from a base station based at least in part on the determined mode of operation for the relay node, wherein at least one of a communicate rate, the resources, or a serving beam are based on the determined mode of operation for the relay node.
 130. An apparatus for wireless communication at a wireless device served by a relay node, comprising: a memory; and at least one processor coupled to the memory and configured to: receive an indication of a mode of operation for the relay node from a first relay mode to a second relay mode; and determine at least one parameter for communicating with the relay node based on the mode of operation indicated for the relay node.
 131. The apparatus of claim 130, wherein the first relay mode comprises an amplify and forward mode and the second relay mode comprises a decode and forward mode.
 132. The apparatus of claim 130, wherein the at least one parameter that is determined based on the mode of operation indicated for the relay node includes at least one of: a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) used to communicate with the relay node, a reception timing to communicate with the relay node, a reference signal used to communicate with the relay node, or a beam configuration used to communicate with the relay node.
 133. The apparatus of claim 130, wherein the indication is received from the relay node.
 134. The apparatus of claim 130, wherein the indication is received from a base station.
 135. The apparatus of claim 130, wherein the wireless device is a user equipment (UE).
 136. The apparatus of claim 130, wherein the wireless device is a child relay node served by the relay node.
 137. The apparatus of claim 136, wherein the child relay node determines a relay node mode of operation based on the mode of operation of the relay node serving the child relay node.
 138. The apparatus of claim 130, wherein the wireless device receives an allocation of resources from a base station based at least in part on the determined mode of operation for the relay node, wherein at least one of a communicate rate, the resources, or a serving beam are based on the determined mode of operation for the relay node.
 139. An apparatus for wireless communication at a wireless device served by a relay node, comprising: means for receiving an indication of a mode of operation for the relay node, wherein the indication indicates a first relay mode or a second relay mode; and means for determining at least one parameter for communicating with the relay node based on the mode of operation indicated for the relay node.
 140. The apparatus of claim 139, wherein the first relay mode comprises an amplify and forward mode and the second relay mode comprises a decode and forward mode.
 141. The apparatus of claim 139, wherein the at least one parameter that is determined based on the mode of operation indicated for the relay node includes at least one of: a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) used to communicate with the relay node, a reception timing to communicate with the relay node, a reference signal used to communicate with the relay node, or a beam configuration used to communicate with the relay node.
 142. The apparatus of claim 139, wherein the indication is received from the relay node.
 143. The apparatus of claim 139, wherein the indication is received from a base station.
 144. The apparatus of claim 139, wherein the wireless device is a user equipment (UE).
 145. The apparatus of claim 139, wherein the wireless device is a child relay node served by the relay node.
 146. The apparatus of claim 145, wherein the child relay node determines a relay node mode of operation based on the mode of operation of the relay node serving the child relay node.
 147. The apparatus of claim 139, wherein the wireless device receives an allocation of resources from a base station based at least in part on the determined mode of operation for the relay node, wherein at least one of a communicate rate, the resources, or a serving beam are based on the determined mode of operation for the relay node.
 148. A computer-readable medium storing computer executable code for wireless communication at a wireless device served by a relay node, the code when executed by a processor cause the processor to: receive an indication of a mode of operation for the relay node, wherein the indication indicates a first relay mode or a second relay mode; and determine at least one parameter for communicating with the relay node based on the mode of operation indicated for the relay node.
 149. The computer-readable medium of claim 148, wherein the first relay mode comprises an amplify and forward mode and the second relay mode comprises a decode and forward mode.
 150. The computer-readable medium of claim 148, wherein the at least one parameter that is determined based on the mode of operation indicated for the relay node includes at least one of: a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) used to communicate with the relay node, a reception timing to communicate with the relay node, a reference signal used to communicate with the relay node, or a beam configuration used to communicate with the relay node.
 151. The computer-readable medium of claim 148, wherein the indication is received from the relay node.
 152. The computer-readable medium of claim 148, wherein the indication is received from a base station.
 153. The computer-readable medium of claim 148, wherein the wireless device is a user equipment (UE).
 154. The computer-readable medium of claim 148, wherein the wireless device is a child relay node served by the relay node.
 155. The computer-readable medium of claim 154, wherein the child relay node determines a relay node mode of operation based on the mode of operation of the relay node serving the child relay node.
 156. The computer-readable medium of claim 148, wherein the wireless device receives an allocation of resources from a base station based at least in part on the determined mode of operation for the relay node, wherein at least one of a communicate rate, the resources, or a serving beam are based on the determined mode of operation for the relay node. 